Friday, May 29, 2009

नेपालको नमुना संविधान-२०६६ सार्वजनिक

देशमा नयाँ संविधान निर्माणका लागि चर्चा-परिचर्चा चलिरहेको बेला एउटा नमुना संविधान सार्वजनिक भएको छ ।

नेपालको नमुना संविधान-२०६६ नाम दिइएको सो संविधानको खाका स्वरुपको पुस्तक संविधानविद् डा. विपीन अधिकारीले लेख्नुभएको र संविधान विशेषज्ञ समूहले प्रकाशन गरेको हो ।

राष्ट्रिय मानवअधिकार आयोगका अध्यक्ष केदारनाथ उपाध्यायले बिहीबार राजधानीमा आयोजित एक कार्यक्रममा सो पुस्तकको विमोचन गर्नुभयो ।

देशमा आजसम्म कायमै रहेको वर्गीय, जातीय, क्षेत्रीय, लैङ्गिक समस्यालाई समाधान गर्न राज्यको अग्रगामी पुनःसंरचनालाई संस्थागत गर्दै नेपाली जनतालाई चिरकालपर्यन्त सामाजिक, राजनीतिक एवम् आर्थिक न्याय प्राप्त हुन सकोस् भन्ने सो नमुना संविधानको प्रस्तावनामा उल्लेख छ ।

नेपालको संवैधानिक परम्परा, शासकीय स्वरुप, राज्य सञ्चालनको प्रक्रिया, मानवअधिकार, समावेशी अवधारणाको विषयमा राजनीतिक दल र विचारभन्दा माथि उठेर राष्ट्रहितलाई ध्यानमा राखेर सो खाका तयार गरिएको डा. अधिकारीले बताउनुभयो ।

संविधान विशेषज्ञ समूहका संयोजक डा. सूर्य ढुङ्गेलले संविधान निर्माणमा सघाउ पुर्‍याउन नागरिक समाजका तर्फबाट विशेषज्ञ समूह गठन गरी सुझावका लागि नमुना संविधान तयार पारिएको जानकारी दिनुभयो ।

नेपाल बार एसोसिएसनका अध्यक्ष विश्वकान्त मैनालीले जातीय पहिचान, गुणात्मक जीवनस्तर र देशका प्रत्येक प्रदेशमा नागरिकको सुरक्षा नै संविधान निर्माणको प्रमुख चुनौती भएको धारणा राख्नुभयो ।

Source: http://yubabahas.com/?p=3488

g]kfnsf] gd'gf ;+ljwfg, @)^^ sf] d'n ljz]iftfx?

WIG NEWSLETTER June 2009

;+ljwfgljb\ 8f=ljlkg clwsf/Ln] d:of}bf ug{' ePsf] tyf ;+ljwfg ljz]if1 ;d"xåf/f ksflzt of] gd'gf ;+ljwfgsf] p2]Zo d'n'ssf hNbfaNbf ;+j}wflgs d'2fx? tyf ltgsf] ;dfwfgsf nflu ljz]if1sf] ?kdf Pp6f k:6 vfsf tof/ ug{' xf]] . o; vfsfn] ;+ljwfg ;efåf/f lgdf{0f x'g] g]kfnsf] gofF ;+ljwfg tkm{ nlIft ljj]sk"0f{ 5nkmnsf nflu Pp6f k:6 cfwf/ tof/ u/]sf] 5 . o;df k:tfjgf nufot @(@ wf/f tyf & cg';"rL 5g\ . hDdf efu @^ df ljeflht of] ;+ljwfgn] jt{dfg g]kfnn] xn ug{'kg]{ w]/} hl6n d'2fx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ vf]h]sf] 5 . ljz]if1åf/f d:of}bf ul/Psfn] o;df plNnlvt b[li6sf]0fnfO{ ;Da4 kIfn] Pp6f gd'gfsf ?kdf 5nkmn u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ plrt lg0f{o lng ;S5g\ . o;sf ljz]iftfx? o; ksf/ 5g\ M–

-!_ o; ;+ljwfgn] g]kfnnfO{ Ps ax'hftLo, ax'eflifs ax'–;f+:s[lts tyf ;dfj]zL /fHosf ?kdf kl/jt{g ug]{ ;+j}wflgs k0ffnLsf] ?k/]vf l;kmfl/; u/]sf] 5 .

-@_ o;n] g]kfnsf cflbjf;L hghflt, ;fgf] hft agfOPsf hgtf, dw];L tyf ;a} lsl;dsf cNk;+Vosx?sf] ;+/If0f tyf /fli6«o d"n kjfxLs/0fsf nflu ;dfj]zL clwsf/x?nfO{ klg pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . df}lns xs cGtu{t ljz]if ?kdf ;dfj]zL s/0fsf] xssf] Joj:yf klg ul/Psf] 5 . o; cg';f/ of] ;+ljwfg nfu' ePsf] ldltb]lv @) jif{;Dd /fHon] ;a} ksf/sf s'6g}lts tyf /fhg}lts ;]jf jf lghfdtL, ;}lgs tyf Goflos lgo'lQmx?df s'n jflif{s lgo'lQmsf] $% kltzt ;Ddsf] :yfg cflbjf;L hghftL, dw];L, dlxnf, ;fgf]hft agfOPsf hgtfx? tyf k5f8L k/]sf] If]qsf hgtfnfO{ cf/If0f ul/Psf] 5 .

-#_ k:tfljt gd'gf ;+ljwfgn] g]kfndf Pp6f /fli6«o ;/sf/ tyf ;ft j6f kfb]lzs If]qsf] ;[hgf u/]sf] 5 . /fli6«o ;/sf/ tyf kfb]lzs ;/sf/sf cf–cfˆgf sfo{kflnsf tyf Joj:yflksf 5g\ eGf] o; ;+ljwfgn] Gofokflnsf ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;femf ;+oGqsf] ?k/]vf k:t't u/]sf] 5 .

-$_ ;a} kfb]lzs If]qx?sf gfdfs/0f u}/hflto 5 . tL x'g\ ;u/dfyf kfb]lzs If]q, k"jL{ t/fO{ kfb]lzs If]q, jfudtL kfb]lzs If]q, cGgk'0ff{ kfb]lzs If]q, klZrd t/fO{ kfb]lzs If]q, s0ff{nL kfb]lzs If]q tyf dxfsfnL kfb]zLs If]q .

-%_ s]GbLo :t/df cfw'lgs ;+;bLo k0ffnLnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ ;a} kfb]lzs If]qx?df o; ;+ljwfgn] cWoIffTds -k]l;8]lG;on_ ;/sf/sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . s]GbLo :t/df dGqLkl/ifb\nfO{ ;+;b\klt cem pQ/bflo agfpg] tyf kwfgdGqLo zf;g k4ltnfO{ alnof] agfpg] rfxgf :ki6 ?kdf b]lvG5 . To:t} kfb]lzs ;/sf/sf If]qgfos -uj{g/_ kToIf ?kdf lgjf{lrt x'g] tyf lghn] ljz]if1x? ePsf] If]qLo ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . If]qgfosn] ;x–If]qgfos -kfb]lzs dGqL_ x?sf] lgo'lQm ubf{ kfb]lzs ;efsf] :jLs[tL kfKt ug{' kg]{ u/L …sGkmd]{;g lxol/ËÚ -;Dk'li6s/0f ;'gjfO{_ sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

-^_ cfO=Pn=cf]= sGe]G;g !^( n] :yflkt dfGotfnfO{ x/]s kfb]lzs If]qx?n] cfˆgf] hgrfxgf cg';f/ ;DalGwt kfb]lzs ;efaf6 sfg'g agfO{ nfu' ug{ ;Sg] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf 5 .


-&_ kfb]lzs :jzf;g tyf :jfoQtfsf nflu zf;gflwsf/sf] Joj:yfkg s;/L ug]{ eGg] ljifodf :ki7 vfsf o; gd'gf ;+ljwfgdf 5 . zf;gflwsf/sf] afF8kmfF8sf] Joj:yf ubf{ sfg'gsf] zf;gsf dfGotf adf]lhd zlQmsf] lgIf]kLs/0f ub}{ hfg] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfnfO{ o; ;+ljwfgåf/f k:6 ?kdf cufl8 ;l/Psf] 5 .

-*_ o; gd'gf ;+ljwfgn] /fli6«o cflbjf;L hghftL, ;fgf]hft agfO{Psf hgtfx? tyf cNk;+Vos ;+/If0f cfof]usf] klg Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn d'n's e/L tL ;d'bfox?sf] ;dfg clwsf/, ;Dffg ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g tyf ljsf;nfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{' pQm cfof]usf] st{Jo x'g] 5 . /fli6«o lxtsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu klg o; ;+ljwfgdf ljleGg Joj:yf 5g\ .

-(_ s]GbLo kltlglw ;efsf nflu ;fd"lxs kltlglwTj ug]{ lgjf{rg If]qdf cfwfl/t æu'k d]Da/ slG:66\o'PG;LÆ sf] kof]unfO{ o; gd'gf ;+ljwfgn] k:tfljt u/]sf] 5 . o; cg';f/ ;dfj]zL ;"rLsf cfwf/df klt:kwf{lzn r'gfpsf] dfGotf adf]lhd dfq ;+;bdf kltlglwTj u/fOg] Joj:yfn] d'n'snfO{ ;dfj]zL d'n'ssf ?kdf :yflkt ug]{ ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 . dflyNnf] ;bg /fli6«o ;efnfO{ jl/i7 ;b:ox? ePsf] Ps ax'hftLo, ax'wfld{s, ax';fF:s[lts tyf ax'eflifs :yfoL ;bgsf ?kdf k:tfj ul/Psf] 5 .

-!)_ o; gd'gf ;+ljwfgn] o'jf tyf h]i7 gful/sx?sf clwsf/;lxt w]/} gofF df}lns xsnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 . o;dWo] lg/f]ws :jf:Yo ;+/If0f, cfwf/e"t lgz'Ns :jf:Yo ;]jf, ljjfx tyf kl/jf/ a;fpg] xs, ;fdflhs Gofosf] xs, Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;Ddfg ;DaGwL xs, c;+ul7t >d If]qdf sfd ug]{ dhb'/x?sf] nflu lgj[lQs/0f Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL xs tyf s'6g}tLs ;+/If0f kfKt ug]{ xs ;d]t kb{5g\ .

-!!_ To;}u/L ;+j}wflgs ;+:yf tyf cfof]ux?nfO{ :jtGq agfpb} pgLx?nfO{ ;+;b\klt cem a9L pQ/bfoL agfpg] kof; ul/Psf] 5 .

-!@_ a]nfot, ef/t, c:6«]lnof tyf l;+ufk'/ nufot k"jL{ l6df]/, O/fs, ckmuflg:tfg blIf0f clkmsf tyf o'/f]lkog o'lgogsf cg'ejx?nfO{ dWogh/ /fVb} g]kfnn] cKfgfPsf k/Dk/fut khftflGqs Joj:yfdf o; gd'gf ;+ljwfgn] ljleGg ;'wf/x? k:tfljt u/]sf] 5 .

Leaders for embracing voices of all minorities


http://www.gorkhapatra.org.np/pdf/pdf.trn.download.php?id=1680

By A Staff Reporter
Kathmandu, May 21

The Rising Nepal

Leaders of political parties and constitutional experts on Thursday sug-gested that the new consti-tution should incorporate the voices of all the minori-ties and marginalised com-munities in the country.

Stating that the country witnessed serious conse-quences because of ne-glecting the minority and marginalised communities, they said that the new con-stitution should consolidate the issues of dalits, janaja-ties, marginalised and other communities bringing them into the main stream of the development process.

They said that the new constitution should show a clear way forward for the social and economic trans-formation of the country.

Speaking at a model con-stitution-unveiling pro-gramme organised by the Consortium of Constitu-tional Experts (CONCOE) in the capital, they said that the new constitution should guarantee national unity, sovereignty and au-tonomy.

Unveiling the model constitution prepared by Dr. Bipin Adhikari, chair-person of the National Human Rights Commis-sion (NHRC) Kedar Nath Upadhyaya said that the constitution was not only a legal document but also a political one that addresses all sorts of issues of the people in the country.

H e , h o w e v e r , s a i d that the words of the constitution might not address all the issues of the people.

Similarly, Suresh Ale Magar, Constituent As-sembly member and central committee member of the United Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), said that the new constitution should reflect the voices of minori-ties, marginalised and other communities.
He said that the new constitution must address issues of minorities and marginalised gropus re-structuring the state in federal system with proper rights to self determination.
Bharat Mohan Adhikari, Standing Committee mem-ber of the Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist and Leninist), said that while restructuring the state, the issues of caste identity, economic viability and sharing of available natural resources should be considered.
He further said that the inclusion of all the castes, creeds and communities was another big issue of the new constitution.

Chakra Bastola, Central Committee member of the Nepali Congress, said that the new constitution should be realistic and futuristic.
He said that the consti-tution of 1990 failed due the weaknesses of political parties themselves, as they could not implement it for the welfare of the people.
Bishwokanta Mainali, President of Nepal Bar As-sociation, said that a fed-eral system based on caste would lead the country towards a vacuum.
He said that the caste identity would constitute as the main problem in the new constitution.

Author Adhikari, high-lighting the main aspects of model constitution, said that he had tried his best to cover all the issues to be incorporated in the new constitution.
He said that it was just a model which would provide ample ideas to generate views of the people and parties on the issues open-ing platform for serious deliberations.

The 190-page long docu-ment has 26 parts, 292 sections and seven annexes. Adhikari has envisioned seven states with a power-ful Prime Minister in the centre.


g]kfnsf] gd'gf ;+ljwfg, @)^^ sf] ljdf]rg

sf7df08f}, @)^^ ;fn h]i7 & ut] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] ;xof]ufy{ tyf /fi6«JofkL 5nkmnsf nflu k:tfljt g]kfnsf] gd'gf ;+ljwfg @)^^ cfh Ps ;df/f]xaLr /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf tyf k"j{ kwfgGofwLz ;DdfggLo >L s]bf/gfy pkfWofon] ljdf]rg ug{'eof] .

;+ljwfgljb\ 8f=ljlkg clwsf/Ln] d:of}bf ug{' ePsf] tyf ;+ljwfg ljz]if1 ;d"xåf/f ksflzt of] gd'gf ;+ljwfgsf] p2]Zo d'n'ssf hNbfaNbf ;+j}wflgs d'2fx? tyf ltgsf] ;dfwfgsf nflu ljz]if1sf] ?kdf Pp6f k:6 vfsf tof/ ug{' xf]] . o; vfsfn] Pp6f gd'gfsf ?kdf ;+ljwfg ;efåf/f lgdf{0f x'g] g]kfnsf] gofF ;+ljwfg tkm{ nlIft ljj]sk"0f{ 5nkmnsf nflu Pp6f k:6 cfwf/ tof/ u/]sf] 5 .

;+ljwfgljb\ 8f=;"o{ 9'Ë]nn] cWoIftf ug{'ePsf] o; ;df/f]xdf k:tfljt gd'gf ;+ljwfg pk/ g]kfnL sfFu];sf jl/i7 g]tf rs k;fb jf:tf]nf, g]=s=kf=-Pdfn]_ sf jl/i7 g]tf e/t df]xg clwsf/L, Plss[t g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf jl/i7 g]tf ;'/]; cfn] du/ tyf g]kfn af/ Pzf]lzP;gsf cWoIf tyf jl/i7 clwjQmf ljZjsfGt d}gfnLn] l6Kk0fL ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

;+ljwfg ;efsf] sfof{jlwsf] P3f/f}+ dlxgfdf :jtGq ljz]if1åf/f lgld{t of] gd'gfn] g]kfnsf] gofF ;+ljwfgn] xn ug{'kg]{ w]/} hl6n d'2fx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ vf]h]sf] 5 . ljz]if1åf/f d:of}bf ul/Psfn] o;df plNnlvt b[li6sf]0fnfO{ ;Da4 kIfn] Pp6f gd'gfsf ?kdf ljrf/ ug{ tyf 5nkmn u/L plrt lg0f{o lng ;S5g\ .

o; gd'gf ;+ljwfgåf/f 8f= ljlkg clwsf/Ln] g]kfnnfO{ Ps ax'hftLo, ax'eflifs ax'–;f+:s[lts tyf ;dfj]zL /fHosf ?kdf kl/jt{g ug]{ ;+j}wflgs k0ffnLsf] ?k/]vf l;kmfl/; u/]sf 5g\ . o;n] g]kfnsf cflbjf;L–hghflt, ;fgf] hft agfOPsf hgtf, dw];L tyf ;a} lsl;dsf cNk;+Vosx?sf] ;+/If0f tyf /fli6«o d"n kjfxLs/0fsf nflu ;dfj]zL clwsf/x?nfO{ klg pNn]v u/]sf] 5 .

k:tfljt gd'gf ;+ljwfgn] g]kfndf Pp6f /fli6«o ;/sf/ tyf ;ft j6f kfb]lzs If]qsf] ;[hgf u/]sf] 5 . s]GbLo :t/df cfw'lgs ;+;bLo k0ffnLnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ ;a} kfb]lzs

If]qx?df o; ;+ljwfgn] cWoIffTds -k]l;8]lG;on_ ;/sf/sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . zf;gflwsf/sf] afF8kmfF8sf] :ki6 Joj:yf ubf{ sfg'gsf] zf;gsf dfGotf adf]lhd zlQmsf] lgIf]kLs/0f ub}{ hfg] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfnfO{ k:6 ?kdf cufl8 ;l/Psf] 5 . s]GbLo kltlglw ;efsf nflu ;fd"lxs kltlglwTj ug]{ lgjf{rg If]qdf cfwfl/t æu'k d]Da/ slG:66\o'PG;LÆ sf] kof]unfO{ klg o; gd'gf ;+ljwfgn] k:tfljt u/]sf] 5 .

o; gd'gf ;+ljwfgn] o'jf tyf h]i7 gful/sx?sf clwsf/;lxt w]/} gofF df}lns xsnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 . s]GbLo :t/df dGqLkl/ifb\nfO{ ;+;b\klt cem pQ/bflo agfpg] tyf kwfgdGqLo zf;g k4ltnfO{ alnof] agfpg] rfxgf :ki6 ?kdf b]lvG5 . To;}u/L ;+j}wflgs ;+:yf tyf cfof]ux?nfO{ :jtGq agfpb} pgLx?nfO{ ;+;b\klt cem a9L pQ/bfoL agfpg] kof; ul/Psf] 5 . ef/t, a]nfot, c:6«]lnof tyf l;+ufk'/ nufot k"jL{ l6df]/, O/fs, ckmuflg:tfg blIf0f clkmsf tyf o'/f]lkog o'lgogsf cg'ejx?nfO{ dWogh/ /fVb} g]kfnn] cKfgfPsf k/Dk/fut khftflGqs Joj:yfdf o; gd'gf ;+ljwfgn] ljleGg ;'wf/x? k:tfljt u/]sf] 5 .
ljz]if1åf/f lgld{t o; ksf/sf] d:of}bf pk/sf] 5nkmnåf/f ljleGg /fhg}lts lg0f{o lngnfO{ ;+ljwfg ;ef tyf o;sf ;ldltx?nfO{ ;lhnf] kg]{ o; gd'gf ;+ljwfgsf k:tfjs 8f=clwsf/Lsf] bfaL 5 . /fli6«o lxtsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu klg o; ;+ljwfgdf ljleGg Joj:yf 5g\ .

गणतन्त्र नेपालको भावी संविधान कस्तो हुनुपर्ला?

AVENUES TV 2009-5-21 20:03:19

http://www.avenues.tv/index.php?page=news&id=36368229

गणतन्त्र नेपालको भावी संविधान कस्तो हुनुपर्ला? संघीय संरचनाको ढाँचा कुन मोडेलको हुने? शासन प्रणालीको स्वरुप कस्ता बनाउनुपर्ला? यीनै मुद्दामा मुलुकभर बहस चलिरहेका बेला संवैधानिक कानुनका एकजना ज्ञाताले नमूना संविधानको मस्यौदा तयार पारेका छन्।

संविधानविद् डा. विपीन अधिकारीद्वारा लेखिएको सो नमूना संविधानले संघीय ढाँचा, शासन प्रणाली सहितको प्रष्ट खाका अघि सारेको छ।

आज काठमाडौंमा आयोजित कार्यक्रममा राष्ट्रिय मानव अधिकार आयोगका अध्यक्ष केदारनाथ उपाध्यायले 'नेपालको नमूना संविधान, २०६६' को विमोचन गर्नुभयो।

नयाँ संविधान निर्माणका लागि संविधानसभा र राष्ट्रव्यापी रुपमा बहस चलाउने उद्देशयले संविधान विशेषज्ञ समूहले नमूना संविधानको खाका बनाएको हो।

सो संविधानले भूगोलका आधारमा सातवटा प्रदेश सहितको संघीय व्यवस्थाको परिकल्पना गरेको छ। त्यसमा सगरमाथा, पूर्वी तराई, बागमती, अन्नपूर्णा, पश्चिम तराई, कर्णाली र महाकाली प्रादेशिक क्षेत्रको प्रस्ताव छ।

शासनप्रणाली प्रधानमन्त्रीय प्रणाली अनुरुप हुने र राष्ट्रध्यक्ष राष्ट्रप्रमुख हुने प्रस्ताव नमूना संविधानमा छ। यसले केन्द्रमा प्रतिनिधिसभा र राष्ट्रिय सभा गरी दुई र प्रदेशमा एक विधायिका रहने परिकल्पना गरेको छ।

नमूना संविधानमा २६ भाग, २ सय ९२ धारा र सातवटा अनुसूचीहरु छन्।।

Launching of the Model Constitution of Nepal 2009

Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), and former Chief Justice of Nepal, Rt Hon'ble Kedar Nath Upadhyay launching the model constitution of Nepal drafted by constitutional expert, Dr Bipin Adhikari

A Model Constitution for Nepal Released

Kathmandu, CONCOE, May 21

A model constitution for Nepal was released on May 21 at an eminent gathering comprising Constituent Assembly (CA) members, political leaders, lawyers, political scientists and sociologists. The model comprises 26 Chapters and 297 Articles.

Drafted by a leading Nepali constitutional expert, Dr Bipin Adhikari, the model is intended to help stimulate rational discussions on core constitutional issues facing the country. The document aims to assist the Constituent Assembly to draft a new constitution within the mandated timeframe. This initiative also creates an open space for constitutional conversation.

In this draft model, lawyer and former UN Legal expert Dr. Adhikari lays out the framework for a multiethnic, multilingual, multicultural and democratic society. The model contains provisions to empower deprived and marginalized communities and places political initiative in the hands of citizens.

The model constitution is based on a parliamentary form of government at the centre and a presidential system at the provincial level. The draft incorporates new fundamental rights, increases ministerial accountability to parliament and provides for autonomous provinces and self-government. It enhances the role of constitutional watchdogs and also increases their pubic accountability. The draft was prepared drawing on learning from past experience as well as trends and innovations in other parliamentary democracies.

Launching the draft, National Human Rights Commission Chairman and former Chief Justice Mr Kedar Nath Upadhyay said that the expert draft addresses many complicated issues that the new constitution of Nepal will have to deal with. He also added that this draft should serve as an important reference point for the work being undertaken by the CA.

The draft was also commented upon by senior political leaders Chakra Prasad Bastola of Nepali Congress, Bharat Mohan Adhikari of CPN (UML), and Suresh Aale Magar of UCPN (Maoist). While the first two commentators applauded the efforts of the author to deal with almost all political problems of Nepal comprehensively, and within the liberal democratic framework, the Maoist representative said the draft, although very useful for the Constituent Assembly, had class orientation. He also said the Janjatis will not accept his provinces based on geography.

Senior Advocate and President of Nepal Bar Association Mr Biswa Kant Mainali also expressed his views on the model. He said the document has professionally responded to most of the current issues that Nepal is supposed to deal with through the Constituent Assembly. As such, he said the model constitution must be taken seriously. However, he commented that the author should have avoided dealing with the proposed Commission on the Protection of Indigenous People, People Depreciated as Lower Castes and Minorities as a permanent feature of the constitution. He also said the reference about the right to self determination in the model constitution may eventually be the basis for divisive arguments.

A representative of the Consortium of Constitutional Experts (CONCOE), which supported the initiative, said the Madhesi Janadhikar Forum leaders Bijay Kumar Gacchadar was not able to participate due to their central committee meeting.

Referring to the draft constitution, Dr Adhikari said it would be difficult to ensure genuine public participation without an expert draft on the table. He added that this had not happened thus far. “Abstract debates without any clear cut drafts cannot stimulate discussions as necessary. It will not guarantee the making a good constitution”, Dr. Adhikari said.

This draft intends to offer something very tangible for discussion across the country and in the floor of the CA. Participatory constitution making is today a basic feature of constitutional life. It is also an important objective in itself. Despite challenging difficulties of definition and implementation, a democratic constitution-making process will be critical for the durability, acceptability, and legitimacy of the final product.

Referring to Nepal's experience with six written constitutions over a period of 59 years, Dr. Adhikari emphasized that the early demise of constitutions are usually due to factors other than those relating to the Constitution itself. Experiences of several small countries like Nepal point to the fact that design aspects have little effect on the durability of constitutions. He further noted, "As our history has shown, our circumstances do not appear propitious even for the seventh constitution which is currently being drafted through the Constituent Assembly."

नमुना संविधान लोकार्पण

http://www.gorkhapatra.org.np/gopa.detail.php?article_id=18774&cat_id=16

काठमाडौँ, जेठ ७ गते । व्यक्तिगत, पार्टीगत वा संस्थागत रूपमा नेपालको नमुना संविधानको प्रस्ताव गर्ने क्रम जारी छ ।

नेपालको नयाँ संविधान कस्तो हुनुपर्छ भन्ने खाका प्रस्ताव गर्ने यस्तो प्रक्रियाले बहस सिर्जना गरेको र यसले गर्दा संविधान निर्माणमा सहयोग पुर्‍याएको धारणा विज्ञहरूको छ ।

डा. विपिन अधिकारीले तयार गर्नुभएको नेपालको नमुना संविधान लोकार्पण गर्न बिहीबार आयोजित कार्यक्रममा वक्ता विज्ञहरूले उत्कृष्ट संविधान देशले खोजेको उल्लेख गर्दै नयाँ संविधानले समेट्नुपर्ने व्यवस्थाहरूका बारेमा आआˆनो सुझाव व्यक्त गर्नुभयो ।

एकीकृत नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी -माओवादी)का नेता तथा संविधानसभा सदस्य सुरेश आलेमगरले भूगोलका आधारमा गरिने सङ्घीय विभाजनलाई आदिवासी जनजातिले कुनै पनि हालतमा स्वीकार नगर्ने बताउनुभयो ।

उहाँले भूगोलका आधारमा विगतमा क्षेत्रहरूलाई धेरैपटक विभाजन गरिएको तर आदिवासी जनजातिले केही प्राप्त गर्न नसकेको उहाँको धारणा छ । "फेरि पनि भूगोलका आधारमा क्षेत्र विभाजन गरिए आदिवासी जनजातिलाई झुक्याउने काम हुनेछ", आलेमगरले भन्नुभयो ।

नेकपा -एमाले)का नेता भरतमोहन अधिकारीले राष्ट्राध्यक्षलाई अधिकार दिनुहुन्न भन्नेमा आˆनो अडान राख्दै भन्नुभयो, "त्यसरी अधिकार दिइँदा दुरुपयोग हुने खतरा बढी हुन्छ ।"

उहाँले भाषा, जातजाति, आर्थिक पहुँच आदिका आधारमा सङ्घ विभाजन हुनुपर्ने सुझाव दिँदै नयाँ संविधानले सामाजिक तथा आर्थिक रूपान्तरणलाई सम्बोधन गर्नुपर्ने धारणा व्यक्त गर्नुभयो ।

कार्यक्रममा नेपाली काङ्ग्रेसका नेता चक्रप्रसाद बास्तोलाले संविधानले देशलाई आर्थिक रूपमा समुन्नत बनाउँछ भन्नु अव्यावहारिक कुरा हो, आर्थिक रूपमा समुन्नत बनाउने नबनाउने भन्ने कुरा प्रयोगकर्तामा भर पर्छ भन्नुभयो ।

उहाँले जनआकाङ्क्षा, भौगोलिक अवस्थिति र विश्वगतिविधिलाई सम्बोधन गर्ने संविधान आवश्यक रहेको छ भन्दै संविधान देश, परिस्थिति अनुकूल हुनुपर्ने धारणा व्यक्त गर्नुभयो ।

सोही कार्यक्रममा राष्ट्रिय मानवअधिकार आयोगका अध्यक्ष केदारनाथ उपाध्यायले अन्तरिम संविधानमा आयोगलाई पुछारमा राखिएको प्रति गुनासो गर्नुभयो ।

उहाँले त्यसरी अन्य संवैधानिक अङ्गहरूमध्ये सबैभन्दा तल मानवअधिकार आयोगलाई राखिँदा त्यसका पदाधिकारीहरू तल्लो तहका हुन्छन् भन्ने सोच सर्वसाधारणमा पर्न गएको बताउनुभयो । उपाध्यायले भन्नुभयो, "नमुना संविधानमा कार्यपालिका, व्यवस्थापिका र न्यायपालिकापछि मानवअधिकार आयोगलाई राखिएको राम्रो हो ।"

नेपाल बार एसोसिएसनका अध्यक्ष विश्वकान्त मैनालीले "नेपालमा १०६ जातजाति रहेका अवस्थामा जातीय पहिचान ठूलो समस्या हो, जातीय आधारको सङ्घीयताले देशलाई शून्यतामा पुर्‍याउँछ" भन्नुभयो ।
उहाँले संविधानमा आत्मनिर्णयको शब्द आवश्यक नरहेको विचार व्यक्त गर्नुभयो ।

संविधान विशेषज्ञ समूह र संवैधानिक तथा संसदीय अभ्यास समाजले आयोजना गरेको कार्यक्रममा संविधानविद् डा. सूर्य ढुङ्गेल र नमुना संविधानका मस्यौदाकार डा. अधिकारीले नयाँ संविधानले समेट्नुपर्ने कुराहरूका बारेमा सुझाव दिनुभयो ।

नमुना संविधान

कास काठमाडौं,
http://www.kantipuronline.com/kolnepalinews.php?&nid=195604

भूगोलका आधारमा ७ वटा राज्य प्रस्तावसहित संविधानविद् विपिन अधिकारीले नमुना संविधान बिहीबार सार्वजनिक गरेका छन् ।

नयाँ संविधान निर्माणका लागि मुलुकभर छलफलका लागि सहयोग पुर्‍याउने उद्देश्यले नमुना संविधान प्रस्ताव गरेको अधिकारीले बताए । 'कुनै पूर्वाग्रह, छलकपट केही नराखी स्थापित मान्यता र जनआकांक्षालाई ख्याल गरेर तयार गरेको हुँ,' राजधानीमा दस्तावेज सार्वजनिक गर्ने कार्यक्रममा उनले भने ।

संवैधानिक कानुन, मानवअधिकार, कानुन सुधार र लोकतान्त्रीकरणमा निरन्तर लाग्दै आएका अधिकारीले आफ्नो विज्ञता र विज्ञ समूहरूको अन्तरक्रिया, छलफलसमेतका आधारमा उक्त दस्तावेज तयार पारेका हुन् । सार्वजनिक कार्यक्रममा पूर्वप्रधानन्यायाधीश एवं राष्ट्रिय मानवअधिकार आयोग अध्यक्ष केदारनाथ उपाध्यायले संविधान निर्माणका धेरै जटिल पक्षलाई समेटेकाले दस्तावेज महत्त्वपूर्ण
हुने बताए ।

नेपाल बार एसोसिएसन अध्यक्ष विश्वकान्त मैनाली, एमाले, कांग्रेस र माओवादी नेताहरू क्रमशः भरतमोहन अधिकारी, चक्र बास्तोला र सुरेश आले मगरले संविधानसभामार्फत बन्न गइरहेको संविधानलाई यसले सघाउने बताए ।

संविधानविद् सूर्य ढुंगेलले छरिएका अवधारणालाई समेटिएको बताए ।

Posted on: 2009-05-22 21:23:14
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One year on, little progress to show

PHANINDRA DAHAL

http://www.kantipuronline.com/kolnews.php?&nid=196505
The Kathmandu Post, May 29, 2009

KATHMANDU, May 28 - Friday marks the first anniversary of the declaration of Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. But the process of constitution drafting seems to have taken a backseat with all political parties singing their own little songs.

“It's a matter of serious concern that even the preliminary picture of the new constitution remains unclear although half of the CA tenure has passed,” said political analyst Krishna Khanal. “It seems day-to-day politics has overshadowed the top mission of the country.”

Although the CA started its work from May 28 last year, the calendar of events for constitution drafting was only finalised on November 16 to promulgate the new constitution on May 28, 2010.

The bickering among political parties over the election of president in July and formation of the Maoist-led government only in August caused the initial delay.

The actual process formally started only on Jan. 13 when the chairs of the 14 constitution drafting committees were elected. The inter-party rifts during election of chairs of the CA committees caused the first amendment in the calendar.

The CA committees carried out public opinion campaign from Feb. 27 to March 23, but the calendar was revised yet again as the results could not be processed by the initial deadline of April 23.

The subsequent disruption of parliament for more than one and a half month resulted in the fourth amendment in the CA calendar. Finally, a day after the deadline for submission of the concept papers expired, only one committee did so on May 23.

“Recent political developments have soured relations among parties and impacted negatively on the constitution writing exercise,” said CA Chairman Subas Nembang.

“There have not been basic debates on controversial issues like state restructuring, devolution of power and forms of government, so bringing out the new constitution on time is a challenge,” says Bipin Adhikari, a constitutional law expert.

And dealing with such issues without proper leadership is even harder, said Khanal. After Madhav Kumar Nepal became the prime minister, the Constitutional Co-mmittee has been without its chairman.

Model Constitution for Nepal by Dr. Bipin Adhikari



TGW - A model constitution for Nepal was released May 21, 2009 amidst the presence of an eminent gathering comprising Constituent Assembly (CA) members, political leaders, lawyers, political scientists and sociologists.
The model comprises of 26 Chapters and 297 Articles.

Drafted by a leading Nepali constitutional expert, Dr Bipin Adhikari, the model intends to help stimulate rational debate on core constitutional issues confronting the country.

“The document aims to assist the Constituent Assembly to draft a new constitution within the mandated timeframe. This initiative also creates an open space for constitutional conversation”, says Dr. Adhikari talking to telegraphnepal.com

Launching the draft, National Human Rights Commission Chairman and former Chief Justice Mr. Kedar Nath Upadhyaya said that the expert draft addresses many complicated issues that the new constitution of Nepal will have to deal with in the future and stated that “this draft should serve as an important reference point for the work being undertaken by the CA”.

In this draft model, lawyer and former UN Legal expert Dr. Adhikari lays out the framework for a multiethnic, multilingual, multicultural and democratic society.
The model contains provisions to empower deprived and marginalized communities and provides room for taking political initiatives to the citizens.
The model constitution is based on a parliamentary form of government at the centre and a presidential system at the provincial level.
The draft incorporates new fundamental rights, increases ministerial accountability to parliament and provides for autonomous provinces and self-government. It enhances the role of constitutional watchdogs and also increases their pubic accountability. The draft was prepared based on learning from past experiences as well as keeping into proper accounts of the prevailing trends and innovations in other parliamentary democracies.
Referring to the draft constitution, Dr. Adhikari said it would be difficult to ensure genuine public participation without an expert draft on the table. He added that this had not happened so far.
“Abstract debates without any clear cut drafts cannot stimulate discussions as demanded which may also not guarantee the making of a good constitution”, Dr. Adhikari said.
This draft intends to offer something very tangible for discussion across the country and in the floor of the CA body. “Participatory constitution making is today a basic feature of constitutional life. It is also an important objective in itself. Despite challenging difficulties of definition and implementation, a democratic constitution-making process will be critical for the durability, acceptability, and legitimacy of the final product”, says the constitutional expert.
Dr. Adhikari bluntly says, “As our history has shown, our circumstances do not appear propitious for the seventh constitution which is currently being drafted through the CA”.
2009-05-25 17:09:02

Model constitution on table for discussion

People's Review Thursday, 28 May 2009

http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9456

A model constitution for Nepal was released on 21 May by a gathering of Constituent Assembly (CA) members, political leaders, lawyers, political scientists and sociologists.

The model consisting of 26 Chapters and 297 Articles is intended to help stimulate rational discussions on core constitutional issues facing the country. The model was drafted by constitutional expert Bipin Adhikari.

According to a statement, the document aims to assist the CA to draft a new constitution within the mandated timeframe.

In the programme, National Human Rights Commission chairman and former Chief Justice Kedar Nath Upadhyay said that draft addresses many complicated issues that the new constitution of the nation will have to deal with.

Adhikari said that it would be difficult to ensure genuine public participation without an expert draft on the table.

Referring to Nepal's experience with six written constitutions over a period of 59 years, Adhikari emphasized that the early demise of constitutions are usually due to factors other than those relating to the constitution itself.

Seven autonomous provinces proposed

Kantipur Report

http://www.kantipuronline.com/kolnews.php?&nid=195481

KATHMANDU, May 22 - Federal democratic republic of Nepal will have seven autonomous provinces governed by separate administrative units at the state level and a two-tier executive body comprising a 205-member parliament and 64-member national assembly at the federal level, according to a model constitution floated on Thursday by constitutional experts.

The model constitution, published by a Consortium of Constitutional Experts (CONCOE) has envisioned a parliamentary form of government with an executive prime minister and a constitutional president at the centre and presidential system at the provincial level.

While the model statute has reconfigured the zonal distribution into seven autonomous regions — Sagarmatha, East Tarai, Bagmati, Annapurna, West Tarai, Karnali, and Mahakali — based on geographic characteristics, it retains all 75 districts giving them relatively greater autonomy.

Retention of the current national flag, recognition of cow as national animal, rejection of dual citizenship, incorporation of new rights such as right to diplomatic protection, youth rights, rights of senior citizens and right to inclusion are some of its salient features.

Lead writer of the model constitution, Bipin Adhikari said the document intended to help stimulate rational discussion on core constitutional issues facing the country. He said the model could be a basis for discussion among lawmakers and experts. A constitution can fail, said Adhikari, not because of its weaknesses but because of weakness on the part of people who use it.

Nepal Bar Association Chairman Bishwo Kant Mainali and UML leader Bharat Mohan Adhikari appreciated the model statute for covering most of the issues.

Posted on: 2009-05-21 22:23:41 (Server Time)

Lawyer prepares model constitution

Source: http://www.nepalnews.com/archive/2009/may/may22/news02.php

May 22, 2009

A legal veteran and constitution expert Dr Bipin Adhikari has released a draft of the new constitution of Nepal on Thursday.

National Human Rights Commission chairman and former chief justice Kedar Nath Upadhyay released the ‘model constitution of Nepal’ amid a function participated by CA members, politicians, lawyers, political analysts and sociologists in Kathmandu.

The model statute with 26 chapters and 297 articles lays out a framework for a multiethnic, multilingual, multi-cultural and democratic society. It has provisions to empower deprived and marginalized communities and places political initiative in the hands of citizens.

It proposes for a parliamentary system at the centre and a presidential system at the provincial level.

The draft is aimed at stimulating public discussion on the core issues of the future constitution and assisting the CA to draft a new constitution within the stipulated time.

Addressing the function, Dr Adhikari said it would be difficult to ensure genuine public participation without an expert’s draft on the table. “Abstract debates without any clear cut drafts cannot stimulate discussions as necessary. It will not guarantee the making of a good constitution”, Dr. Adhikari said.

nepalnews.com May 22 09